The lithium niobate thin-film modulator was designed to achieve a modulation frequency of 350 kHz within the 0–2π phase range, further realizing high speed control of optical field coherence.
Electro-optic modulators, which convert signals from the electrical to the optical domain, are at the heart of optical communications, terahertz wireless communications, microwave signal processing, ...
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Large-aperture MEMS modulator paves way for high-speed, energy-efficient optical communication systems
Microelectromechanical system (MEMS) optical modulators are crucial in next-generation technologies such as free-space optical communication and LiDAR, but existing designs struggle with balancing ...
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