Liquids and solutions may look simple, but on the molecular scale they are constantly shifting and reorganizing. When sugar dissolves in water, each sugar molecule quickly becomes surrounded by fast ...

Optical spectroscopy encompasses a wide variety of techniques used to study how matter interacts with light. Optical spectroscopy techniques are used in physics, astronomy, chemistry, biology, and ...

Infrared spectroscopy (IR spectroscopy) is an optical technique that detects molecular bond vibrations and rotations upon absorption of infrared light. Because different chemical functional groups ...