This article examines four competing philosophical theories of the parental role within a libertarian framework: parental ownership, parenting as charity, parenting as voluntary social contract, and ...

Professor Hülsmann’s rejoinder to my earlier reply is, as always, elegantly written and guided by the spirit of collegial debate. Yet, despite its rhetorical polish, I must disagree on several points, ...

Propositional logic includes sentence letters (A, B, C, etc), which are assigned truth values, and logical connectives (AND, OR, NOT, IMPLICATION, EQUIVALENCE), but not quantifiers. This is also ...

I wonder if you’ll find this as fascinating as I do: a smart atheist has a conversation with ChatGPT over one of the major arguments for God’s existence, with the conclusion being ChatGPT saying it’s ...

DeepSeek-R1 outperforms ChatGPT on critical reasoning benchmarks while slashing operational costs, according to a new peer-reviewed analysis that could redefine AI model selection for enterprises and ...

In any discussion of evolutionary psychology, or human sciences in general, it is very important to avoid two logical fallacies. They are called the naturalistic fallacy and the moralistic fallacy.

Google’s Gemini 2.0 Flash Thinking Experimental model represents a significant milestone in the evolution of artificial intelligence (AI). Designed to excel in reasoning and problem-solving, it ...

Summary: A new study reveals that people across 12 countries and five continents perceive wisdom through two key dimensions: reflective orientation and socio-emotional awareness. Reflective ...