H. macrantha flowers have both male and female reproductive organs. To avoid mating with themselves, individual flowers go through a male phase and then a female phase. They rely on hummingbirds to ...

Plant reproduction plays a vital role in our food systems and the balance of ecosystems, yet it remains a complex process. Plants exhibit a range of reproductive strategies: some are strictly male or ...

Plant Systematics and Evolution, Vol. 300, No. 2 (February 2014), pp. 321-328 (8 pages) Epidendrum L. (Epidendroideae, Laeliinae) is one of the largest orchid genera distributed throughout tropical ...